Urdu Compulsory 2010 UPSC

Urdu Compulsory 2010 UPSC


URDU_COMP 2011 UPSC

URDU_COMP 2011 UPSC

Urdu Compulsory 2012 UPSC

Urdu Compulsory 2012 UPSC


Agnes Smedley

Agnes Smedley


American feminist Agnes Smedley played a key role in assisting Indian freedom fighters in the U.S. and in Europe in the beginning of the th century. An unbashed feminist, fearless journalist and writer as well as relentless activists for the causes she believed in, Smedley inspired socially concerned writers like Alice Walker, because she wrote about povetry without romanticizing it. The span of her activism covered the three continents - America , Europe, and Asia. During World war I , Smedley grew close with Lala Lajpat Rai, M.N.Roy and Sailendranath Ghose and agreed to serve as communication centre for Indian revoloutionaries then in US. In 1929, she finished her autobiographical novel Daughter of Earth.

Item Response Theory(IRT)

Item Response Theory(IRT)


Item Response Theory(IRT) attempts to model students ability using question level performance instead of aggregate test level performance. Instead of assuming all questions contribute equally to our understanding of a students abilities, IRT provides a more nuanced view on the information each question provides about a student. The Human Resource Development ministry and NCERT carried out a survey using the IRT to test the learning curve of class III, V and VIII.

5/20 Rule

5/20 Rule

 5/20 is an anti-competition policy. According to 5/20 rule indian carriers wanting to fly on international routes need to have a fleet of at least 20 aircrafts and must have operated for at least five years. This rule works against the interest of Indian carriers. Presently, a one-day old airline registered abroad with a one-aircraft fleet can fly into india, no holds barred. Hence, the aviation ministry is pushing for it to scrap the rule. Under the proposed new rule, an Indian carrier - including a startup - would only require the Directorate General of Civil Aviation's (DGCA) nod to fly abroad.

Geography 2006 UPSC

Geography 2006 UPSC


Geography 2007 UPSC

Geography 2007 UPSC

Geography 2008 UPSC

Geography 2008 UPSC


Geography 2005 UPSC

Geography 2005 UPSC

Geography 2004 UPSC

Geography 2004 UPSC


Geography 2002 UPSC

Geography 2002 UPSC


Geography 2003 UPSC

Geography 2003 UPSC


GEOGRAPHY Paper UPSC 2013

GEOGRAPHY Paper UPSC 2013


Geography Question Paper

Geography Question Paper


UPSC Exams Geography Notes

UPSC Exams Geography Notes


MAJOR RIVERS(By Length)

MAJOR RIVERS(By Length)


  • Nile, Africa - 6,825km

  • Amazon, South America -6,437 km

  • Chang Jiang(Yangtze), Asia - 6380 km

  • Mississippi, North America - 5,971 km

  • Yenisey-Angara, Asia - 5,536 km

  • Huang (Yellow), Asia - 5,464 km

  • Ob-Irtysh, Asia - 5,410 km

  • Amur, Asia - 4,416 km

  • Lena, Asia - 4,400 km

  • Congo, Africa - 4,370 km

MAJOR ISLANDS(By sizes)

MAJOR ISLANDS(By sizes)


  • Australia: 7,617.930 sq. km;  widely considered part of a continental landmass, not officially an island. but without doubt it is the largest island on the planet, and when combined with oceania, the smallest continent on the earth.

  • Greenland: 2,175,500 sq.km

  • New Guinea : 792,500 sq.km

  • Borneo : 725,500 sq km

  • Madagaskar : 587,000 sq km

  • Baffin : 507,500 sq km

  • Sumatra : 427,300 sq km

  • Honshu : 227,400 sq km

  • Great Britain : 218,100 sq km

  • Victoria : 217,300 sq km

Major Seas(By size)

Major Seas(By size)


  • South China Sea-2,974,600 sq km

  • Caribbean sea-2,515,900 sq km

  • Mediterranean Sea-2,510,000 sq km

  • Bering Sea-2,261,100 sq km

  • Gulf of Mexico-1,507,600 sq km

  • Arabian Sea-1,498,320 sq km

  • Sea of Okhotsk-1,392,100 sq km

  • Sea of Japan(East Sea)-1,012,900 sq km

  • Hudson Bay-730,100 sq km

  • East China Sea-664,600 sq km

Dry cask storage

Dry cask storage

Dry cask storage is a method of storing high-level radioactive waste, such as spent nuclear fuel that has already been cooled in thespent fuel pool for at least one year and often as much as ten years. Casks are typically steel cylinders that are either welded orbolted closed. The fuel rods inside are surrounded by inert gas. Ideally, the steel cylinder provides leak-tight containment of the spent fuel. Each cylinder is surrounded by additional steel, concrete, or other material to provide radiation shielding to workers and members of the public.

DEEPEST OCEANS & SEAS

DEEPEST OCEANS & SEAS

  • Pacific Ocean-35,827 ft (10924 m).
  • Atlantic Ocean-30,246 ft(9,219 m)
  • Indian Ocean-24,460 ft(7,455 m)
  • Southern Ocean- 23,736 ft(7,235 m)
  • Caribbean Sea-22,788 ft (6,946 m)
  • Arctic Ocean-18,456 ft(5,625 m)
  • South China Sea-16,456 ft(5,016 m)
  • Bering Sea-15,659 ft(4,773 m)
  • Mediterranean Sea-15,197 ft(4,632 m)
  • Gulf of Mexico-12,425 ft(3,787 m)

OCEANS GREATEST DEPTHS

OCEANS GREATEST DEPTHS

  • Mariana Trench, Pacific Ocean-35,827 ft
  • Puerto Rico Trench, Atlantic Ocean-30,246 ft
  • Sunda Trench, Indian Ocean-24,460 ft
  • South Sandwich Trench, Southern Ocean-23,736 ft
  • Arctic Basin, Arctic-18,456 ft

International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)

International Hydrographic Organization (IHO)

The International Hydrographic Organization (IHO) is an inter-governmental organisation representing the hydrographic community.The principal role of the IHO is to ensure that the world’s seas, oceans and national waters are properly surveyed and charted. It does this through the setting of international standards, the co-ordination of the endeavours of national hydrographic offices, and through its capacity building programme.
The IHO enjoys observer status at the United Nations where it is the recognised competent authority on hydrographic surveying and nautical charting

Functions

The IHO develops hydrographic and nautical charting standards. These are subsequently adopted and used by its member countries in their surveys, nautical charts, and publications. The almost universal use of the IHO standards means that the products and services provided by the world's national hydrographic and oceanographic offices are consistent and recognisable by all seafarers and for other users. 

LARGEST OCEAN ON EARTH(By Size)

LARGEST OCEAN ON EARTH(By Size)

  • Pacific Ocean : 155,557,000 sq km
  • Atlantic Ocean: 76,762,000 sq km
  • Indian Ocean: 68,556,000 sq km
  • Southern ocean: 20,327,000 sq km
  • Arctic Ocean: 14,056,000 sq km
Note: The Southern ocean was approved in 2000 by the International Hydrographic Organization. It is now the fourth largest ocean.

EARTH RECKONER

EARTH RECKONER

  • Estimated Weight mass : 5,940,000,000,000,000,000,000 metric tons
  • Estimated Age : 4.6 billion years
  • Current Population : 7,000,000,001
  • Surface Area: 510,066,000 sq km
  • Land Area: 148,647,000 sq km 29.1%
  • Ocean Area: 335,258,000 sq km
  • Total Water Area: 361,419,000 sq km 70.9%
  • Type of Water: 97% salt, 3% fresh
  • Circumference at the equator: 40,066 km
  • Circumference at the poles: 12,710 km
  • Radius at the equator: 6,376 km
  • Radius at the poles: 6,355 km
  • orbit speeds: The earth orbits the sun at 66,700 mph(107,320 km per hour)
  • sun orbit: The earth orbits the sun every 365 days, 5 hours, 48 minutes and 46 seconds.

General studies topics of 2013

 General studies topics of 2013

  • Need for Second State Reorganization Commission ( Telengana Issue and recurring demand for new states)
  • Ordinance Route for passing important bills and bypassing Parliament 
  • Panchayati Raj Institutions - Reflecting over 20 years of getting Constitutional Status
  • Estimating Poverty Line - Away from Reality
  • Depreciating Rupee and Increasing Current Account Deficit
  • Govt. Initiatives to Empower Women
  • Disaster Management ( Uttarakhand Floods / Eco-tourism / Sustainable Development / Climate Change)
  • Nuclear Energy ( Kudankulam Nuclear  Power Project & INS Arihant )
  • Corporate Social Responsibility - Corporate or Social ?
  • Indo-Bangladesh Relations ( Elections in Bangladesh / Growing Influence of Hardline Islamists / Shahbagh Movement / Boundary Issues / Water Sharing )
  • Arab Spring - Revolutions in Middle East Countries (Tunisia / Egypt / Syria)  - Growing Reach of Muslim Brotherhood
  • State Sponsored Espionage by USA (Snowden and Manning) - Intimidation of Whistleblowers

Vajiram & Ravi- Ethics Integrity & Aptitude Part B - III(1).pdf Corporate Government

Vajiram & Ravi- Ethics Integrity & Aptitude Part B - III(1).pdf  Corporate Governance paper 4


Vajiram & Ram- Ethics Integrity & Aptitude Part B - I

Vajiram & Ram- Ethics Integrity & Aptitude Part B - I(Paper 4)

Development Issues- VAJIRAM(Governmental Policies and interventions for development in various sector)


Development Issues- VAJIRAM(Governmental Policies and interventions for development in various sector)

Current Affairs Vajiram

Current Affairs Vajiram


Vajiram 2011 Polity (2) Notes



Vajiram 2011 Polity Notes

Vajiram 2011 Polity Notes

Inspirational Thoughts

Inspirational Thoughts

Inspirational PPT

Inspirational PPT

Essay UPSC

Essay UPSC


History Optional UPSC Mains 2013 Question Paper 1 2 Mrunal Org

History Optional UPSC Mains 2013 Question Paper 1 2 Mrunal Org


UPSC IAS Prelims Question Paper - 1

UPSC IAS Prelims Question Paper - 1


2008 UPSC ECONOMICS QUESTION PAPERS

2008 UPSC ECONOMICS QUESTION PAPERS


UPSC IAS Prelims Question Paper - 2


UPSC IAS Prelims Question Paper - 2

CSAT VOCABULARY FOR CIVIL SERVICES BOOK


CSAT VOCABULARY FOR CIVIL SERVICES BOOK

UPSC GS 2013 Question Paper With Answer Key


UPSC GS 2013 Question Paper With Answer Key

CSAT tata mcgraw hills paper 2 UPSC

CSAT tata mcgraw hills paper 2 UPSC

IAS 2009 Topper Interview Anupama T v Rank 4

IAS 2009 Topper Interview Anupama T v Rank 4 


UPSC INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

UPSC INTERVIEW QUESTIONS

Interview UPSC

Interview UPSC 2012

HOW TO FACE A UPSC INTERVIEW


HOW TO FACE A UPSC INTERVIEW

Lord William Bentick

Viceroys and GG's of India

Lord William Bentick(1828-35)

  • First Governor General of India as designated by Government of India Act 1833.
  • Known as the benevolent Governor General.
  • Banned practice of sati in 1829, suppressed Thugi in 1830(military operation led by William Sleeman) 
  • Banned female infanticide
  • Created the province of Agra in 1834.
  • English was to be court language in higher court but persian continued in lower courts. English was made the official language of india in 1835.
  • The regulation of 1833 on land revenue settlement by Mertins Bird(called as the father of land revenue settlement in North). Use of filed maps and filed registers  were prescribed for the first time.
  • Inquiry into titles of Inam lands.
  • 1830, annexation of chachar took place.
  • 1831, annexation of Titu Mir and Kols.
  • 1831, annexation of Mysore.
  • Treaty of perpetual friendship with Ranjit Singh.
  • Abolished provincial circuits courts; a separate Sadr Diwani Adalat was set up in Allahabad and Sadr Nizamat Adalat at Delhi.
  • Education Reforms. Appointed Macaulay as president of committee of public instruction.

Colonial Era (Timelineof Indian History)



Colonial Era (1818 AD to 1947 AD)


The Colonial Era started with the British taking control over almost all the parts of India and ended with the freedom of India in 1947. The major events that took place during the Colonial Era are:


Date
Events Happened
1829 AD
Prohibition of Sati
1857 AD
- First Indian war of Independence, known as Indian Mutiny
1885 AD
Indian National Congress was formed
1930 AD
Dandi Salt March, Simon Commission, First Round Table Conference

1915 AD
Home Rule League was founded by Annie Besant
1919 AD
Massacre at Jallianwalabagh

1931 AD
Bhagat Singh was hanged by the British, Second Round Table Conference, Gandhi-Irvin Pact
1919 AD
Khilafat Movement, Jalianwala Bagh Massacre, Rowlat Act
1937 AD
Congress won power in many states, World War II broke out
1921 AD
Civil Disobedience Movement
1928 AD
Murder of Lala Lajpat Rai
1942 AD
Quit India Movement, Rise of Subhash Chandra Bose
1922 AD
Quit India Movement suspended after the Chauri-Chura violence
1946 AD
Muslim League adamant about the formation of Pakistan
1947 AD
India gained independence and witnessed partition