MY DREAM IAS !

Viceroys and GG's of India

Warren Hastings(1772-85)

• Introduced quinquennial settlement of land revenues in 1772 farming out lands to the highest bidder, later on, he reversed to annual settlement (1777) on the basis of open auction to the highest bidder.
• Abolished 'Dual Government' in 1772\
• Became Governor General in 1773 with the passing of the Regulating act.
• Made appointments of collectors and other revenue officials.
• The Regulating Act, 1773 appointed him the first Governor General along with the four councillors Clavering, Francis, Monson and Barwell.
• Judicial Reforms = Starting of Diwani and Faujadari Adalat at the district level and sadar Diwani and Nizamat Adalat of Calcutta,and Appellate court. Hindu and Muslim laws were redefined. A translation of Manusmruti as code of Gentoo laws was carried. Jones and cole Brooke published Digest of Hindu Law in 1771. Through Regulating Act of 1773 the supreme court was established in Calcutta. It was based of English law.
• Trial of Nand Kumar and his Judicial murder in 1775.
• Associated with the Chait Singh(Benaras Raj)Affair, 1778.
• The Rohilla War(1774) and annexation of Rohilkhand by the Nawab of Awadh with the help of British.
• First Maratha War(1778-82) and Treaty of Salbai(1782).
• Second Anglo-Mysore war(1780-84) and Treaty of Manglore (1785) with Tipu Sultan.
• Treaty of Surat (1775) between Raghunath Rao and Warren Hastings. but Council of Calcutta rejected it.
• Treaty of Purandar (1776) between English and Peshwa.
• In 1780 James August Hickey started a weekly paper called Bengal Gazette or Calcutta General Advertiser.
• Foundation of Asiatic society of Bengal with the help of William Jones in1784.
• Fatwa-i-Alamgiri was also translated.
• Wilkins translated Gita and Hitopadesa in English.
• yed Ghulam Hussain wrote Siyar-ul-Mutqherin.
• He returnd to England in 1785 and impeachment proceedings were initiated against him in the House of Lords. He was eventuallly auitted after a trial of 7 years.